Revision as of 08:34, 10 June 2008 (view source) Albanc (Talk | contribs) (→‎'''Testing the Kernel''' (Not for VPS users)) ← Older edit		Latest revision as of 12:22, 27 June 2024 (view source) Mshinn (Talk | contribs) m (Protected "ASL installation" (‎[edit=sysop] (indefinite) ‎[move=sysop] (indefinite)) [cascading])
(87 intermediate revisions by 4 users not shown)
Line 1:		Line 1:
−	These are rough notes for the ASL 2.0 pre-release	+	= Introduction =
		+	ASL is designed to integrate with your existing operating system. Customized environments that deviate from OS vendor designed standards, and packaging should consult with our services group for a custom solution.
		+	== Before You Start ==
		+	'''Please note: If you purchased a Rules Only subscription, please go to, and follow the instructions here: https://www.atomicorp.com/wiki/index.php/Atomic_ModSecurity_Rules#Optional_Manual_Installation '''.  These are instructions to install [[ASL]].
		+	If you purchased Atomic Secured Linux, then continue to the steps below.
−	== '''Before You Start''' ==	+	== Prerequisites ==
−	Dedicated systems will be using the ASL hardened kernel. Depending on the distribution you are running, this can involve changes in the names of core modules on the system involved with SATA, SCSI, and Network card modules.	+	Please ensure that your system meets all prerequisites before installing ASL. The [[ASL prerequisites]] page includeds important information outlining the systems requirements for ASL to install and function correctly, as well as recommendations for it to perform optimally.
−	Known issues:	+	= Installation and Downloads =
−	1and1 network card module name changes	+	== Command Line installation==
−	Vmware SCSI emulation name changes	+	=== Step 1:  Read the Notes ===
		+	Confirm that your system meets the ASL requirements, which are documented on the [[ASL prerequisites]] page.
−	'''1and1 Checklist for /etc/modules.conf or /etc/modprobe.conf'''	+	Note:  ASL will harden your system, so when building a new system or installing other software, we recommend you install ASL last so that it can harden your system with all software installed.
−	Step 1) Enumerate hardware with /sbin/lspci	+	=== Step 2:  Run the Automated ASL installer ===
−	Step 2) Check network cards,	+	'''Pre Step 1)'''
−	Ethernet controller: VIA Technologies, Inc. VT6102 [Rhine-II]  was	+	If the system does not have mysql or mariadb installed, run these commands as root:
−	alias eth0 8139too	+
−	change to	+
−	alias eth0 via-rhine	+
−	Step 3) Check SATA modules	+	RHEL/Centos 6:
−	<PENDING>	+
−	'''Note for SELinux environments'''	+	''yum install mysql-server''
−	SELinux policies can interfere with RPM updates. This manifests in mystereious failures in %pre and %post macros (confirmed on RHEL4). Disable SELinux if you encounter any issues of this nature by setting selinux=0 in the kernel boot parameters. setenable 0, and disabling SELinux with sysctl have thus far proved ineffective.	+	''service mysqld start''
		+	''systemctl enable mysqld''
−	== '''automated installer''' (not for VPS's): ==	+	RHEL/Centos 7:
		+	''yum install mariadb-server''
−	wget -q -O - http://www.atomicorp.com/installers/asl |sh	+	''service mariadb start''
−	Or via SSL:	+	''systemctl enable mariadb''
−	wget -q -O - https://www.atomicorp.com/installers/asl |sh	+	'''Step A)'''
−	== '''manual installation''' (VPS users, or anyone that wants to do this manually) ==	+	Become root on your system.  To become root run this command:
−	1) vim /etc/yum.repos.d/asl.repo	+	''su -''
−	2) add the following:	+	then enter your root password.
−	[asl-bleeding]	+	'''Step B)'''
−	name=ASL Bleeding	+
−	baseurl=http://USERNAME:PASSWORD@atomicorp.com/channels/asl-bleeding/DISTRO/$releasever/$basearch	+
−	3) replace DISTRO with fedora, centos, redhat, and USERNAME/PASSWORD with your username and password from the signup page	+	Cut and paste the command below, and run this command as root:
−	4) yum install asl	+	''wget -q -O - https://updates.atomicorp.com/installers/asl |sh''
−	5) vim /etc/asl/config	+	Follow the instructions in the installer being sure to answer the configuration questions appropriately for your system.
−	6) change USERNAME="USERNAME" to USERNAME="<your username>"	+	'''Note:  You must have a version of wget installed that supports HTTPS to install ASL, as described on the ASL prerequisites page.'''
−	7) change PASSWORD="PASSWORD" to PASSWORD="<your password>"	+	If you do not get any output from the installation command it is likely wget on your system was replaced with a crippled version that does not support SSL.  Please see this article to test if your wget supports SSL if you are unsure:
−	== '''Testing the Kernel''' (Not for VPS users) ==	+	https://www.atomicorp.com/wiki/index.php/ASL_prerequisites#wget
		+	See the [[unattended installs]] article for advanced instructions for unattended installations.
−	'''Grub Users'''	+	=== Step 3: (Optional)  If you have installed the ASL kernel ===
−	1) Once the Atomic kernel is installed, determine which position the Atomic kernel has been installed.	+	Once the installation is complete, if you want to use the secure ASL kernel you will need to reboot your system to boot into the new hardened kernel that comes with ASL.  '''You do not have to use this kernel to enjoy the other features of ASL''', but we recommend you use the hardened kernel as it includes many additional security features that are not found in non-ASL kernels.
−	Example:	+	Note: The secure ASL kernel is not required to run ASL, but it will make your system more secure and protect your system from attacks that your regular kernel can not.
−	[root@ac3 ~]# cat /etc/grub.conf	+
−	# grub.conf generated by anaconda	+	==== VPS based systems ====
−	#	+
−	# Note that you do not have to rerun grub after making changes to this file	+
−	# NOTICE:  You have a /boot partition.  This means that	+
−	#          all kernel and initrd paths are relative to /boot/, eg.	+
−	#          root (hd0,0)	+
−	#          kernel /vmlinuz-version ro root=/dev/hda3	+
−	#          initrd /initrd-version.img	+
−	#boot=/dev/hda	+
−	default=1	+
−	timeout=5	+
−	serial --unit=0 --speed=57600	+
−	terminal --timeout=5 serial console	+
−	title CentOS (2.6.17-1.art)	+
−	root (hd0,0)	+
−	kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.17-1.art ro root=LABEL=/ console=ttyS0,57600n8 selinux=0	+
−	initrd /initrd-2.6.17-1.art.img	+
−	title CentOS (2.6.9-34.0.2.ELsmp)	+
−	root (hd0,0)	+
−	kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.9-34.0.2.ELsmp ro root=LABEL=/ console=ttyS0,57600n8	+
−	initrd /initrd-2.6.9-34.0.2.ELsmp.img	+
−	Note the line: default=1, this indicates the kernel the system will boot by default, starting at position 0. Position 0 is "title CentOS (2.6.17-1.art)", and position 1 is "title CentOS (2.6.9-34.0.2.ELsmp)" in this example, indicating the system is configured to boot into the default CentOS kernel.	+	If you are using a [[VPS]] based virtualization technology, like openvz or Virtuzzo, you can not install any kernel in a VPS.  VPS' do not have a kernel, they share the host systems kernel. Therefore, you will not be able to install any kernel in a VPS, including the ASL secure kernel, and do not need to reboot.
−	2) Type: grub	+	==== Cloud Linux ====
−	the following will be displayed:	+	'''Cloudlinux requires that you use their default kernel with their product.''' Therefore, you should not use the secure ASL kernel with Cloud Linux.  Please see the link below to ensure you have your system configured to use the appropriate Cloud Linux kernel with their product.
−	GNU GRUB  version 0.97 (640K lower / 3072K upper memory)	+
−	[ Minimal BASH-like line editing is supported.  For the first word, TAB	+
−	lists possible command completions.  Anywhere else TAB lists the possible	+
−	completions of a device/filename.]	+
−	grub>	+
−	3) At the grub prompt set the default kernel to 0, and to only boot once with the following:	+	https://www.atomicorp.com/wiki/index.php/Kernel#Setting_which_kernel_to_boot
−	grub> savedefault --default=0 --once	+	Note: When using the Cloud Linux kernel ASL will report security vulnerabilities in the Cloud Linux kernel.  These security vulnerabilities are real.  The Cloud Linux kernel does not include the necessary security enhancements to protect you from these vulnerabilities.  Please direct any questions regarding Cloud Linux vulnerabilities to Cloud Linux support.
−	4) type: quit	+	=== Before you reboot ===
−	5) reboot the system. If for some reason the kernel does not work with the Atomic kernel, or is otherwise non-responsive, powercycling the system will restore the system to the default kernel.	+	==== Check to make sure you can log in ====
−	'''Lilo Users'''	+	Check to make sure you haven't locked yourself out of your system.  If you told ASL to lock down SSH, make sure you can log into your system.  Don't close out your current session, '''log in with a new session'''.  This way you can confirm that you haven't installed bad ssh keys, or otherwise configured your server so you can't log in.
−	1) The art kernel should be listed in /boot - for example:	+	If you are rebooting into the secure ASL kernel, make sure you have an alternative means to log into your system should your system encounter an issue rebooting.  For example, a diverse means such as serial port access, or a KVM system, and not SSH or other direct network based remote access.  If a Linux system fails to reboot, network based protocols like SSH will not work.
−	/boot/vmlinuz-2.6.19-7.art	+	==== Cloud Linux ====
−	2) Create a symbolic link to this:	+	'''Cloudlinux requires that you use their default kernel with their product.'''  Therefore, you should not use the secure ASL kernel with Cloud Linux.  Please see the link below to ensure you have your system configured to use the appropriate Cloud Linux kernel with their product.
−	ln -s  /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.19-7.art  /boot/vmlinuz-art	+	https://www.atomicorp.com/wiki/index.php/Kernel#Setting_which_kernel_to_boot
−	3) edit /etc/lilo.conf to add a section for the art kernel. Eg:	+	Note:  When using the Cloud Linux kernel ASL will report security vulnerabilities in the Cloud Linux kernel. These security vulnerabilities are real.  The Cloud Linux kernel does not include the necessary security enhancements to protect you from these vulnerabilities.  Please direct any questions regarding Cloud Linux vulnerabilities to Cloud Linux support.
−	image=/boot/vmlinuz-art	+	== Control panel installation==
−	label=lxart	+
−	append="console=tty0 console=ttyS0,57600 panic=30"	+
−	4) Type: lilo to make the change permanent. Then to test that you can boot into the new kernel do	+	=== Plesk ===
−	lilo -v -v	+
−	lilo -R lxart	+
−	shutdown -r now	+
−	5) When it's rebooted, doing a uname -r should show the new art kernel. Now you can make it permanent. Edit /etc/lilo.conf so that it has the line:	+	=== Step 1: Read the Notes ===
−	default=lxart	+
−	6) type lilo. Then reboot.	+	Confirm that your system meets the ASL requirements, which are documented on the [[ASL prerequisites]] page.
−	== Post-Installation Quickstart/Configuration ==	+	Note:  ASL will harden your system, so when building a new system or installing other software, we recommend you install ASL last so that it can harden your system with all software installed.
		+
		+	=== Step 2: Install ASL from Plesk ===
		+
		+	To install Atomic Secured Linux using the Plesk extension:
		+
		+	Step 1:  In the Extensions Catalog, select the 'Security' category and click on 'Atomic Secured Linux'
		+
		+	Step 2:  Click the 'Install' button to install the extension
		+
		+	Step 3:  After the extension is installed, click the 'Go To Extension' link
		+
		+	Step 4:  Click the 'Install' button to install Atomic Secured Linux
		+
		+	== Step 4:  Post-Installation Quickstart/Configuration ==
		+
		+	=== Log into the GUI ===
		+
		+	https://YOUR_SERVERS_IP:30000
		+
		+	You can view alerts, block attackers, configure ASL and use its many features from the GUI.
		+
		+	The username and password are the same credentials you created when you purchased your license.  You can change the ASL control panel credentials by following the process [https://www.atomicorp.com/wiki/index.php/ASL_FAQ#How_can_I_reset_my_ASL_GUI_password.28s.29.3F here], and you can add additional users by following [https://www.atomicorp.com/wiki/index.php/ASL_FAQ#How_can_I_create_new_accounts_in_the_ASL_GUI_.3F this process].
		+
		+	=== Log into the support portal ===
		+
		+	Finally, we highly recommend you click on the "Support" tab in the ASL GUI, or go to this URL to log into your support account:
		+
		+	https://www.atomicorp.com/support/support-portal.html
		+
		+	The support system uses the same username and password used to install ASL (your ASL username and password).  Please make sure you can log into the support portal to make use of the support portals features such as case management, bug tracking and the knowledge base.
		+
		+	=== ASL FAQ ===
		+
		+	And also, please read thru the [[ASL FAQ]].  It covers just about everything anyone has every asked us about, regarding ASL.  Seriously, its got answers to nearly anything you might want to know about [[ASL]], and we really have documented the answer to nearly every question anyone has every asked us about ASL.
		+
		+	== Command Line ==
		+
		+	If you're a command line person you can also run or re-run many of ASL's features from the command line.  Here are a few highlights:
		+
		+	1) Configure/Re-Configure ASL
−	1) Configure ASL
	asl -c		asl -c
		+	2) Scan the system for vulnerabilities, malware and other security issues.
−	2) Scan the system
	asl -s		asl -s
−	3) Fix the system	+	3) Scan the system for vulnerabilities, malware and other security issues and have ASL fix the system.
		+
	asl -s -f		asl -s -f
		+
		+	You can also find out about all the command line options in asl by running this command:
		+
		+	asl -h
		+
		+	= Upgrading ASL =
		+
		+	Please see the [[Upgrading ASL]] page for details.
		+
		+	= Troubleshooting =
		+
		+	Please see the [[ASL Troubleshooting]] article.
		+
		+	We also recommend you read the [[ASL FAQ]].
		+
		+
		+	= Important Notes =
		+
		+	== Kernel ==
		+
		+	See the [[Kernel]] page for additional information on the ASL kernel.
		+
		+	== Cpanel ==
		+
		+	Do not enable modsecurity in cpanel, and do not use cpanel to upgrade or install modsecurity.  CPanel does not use the latest version of modsecurity, and ASL is only tested and supported with the latest version supplied by ASL.  ASL will automatically upgrade modsecurity if necessary.
		+
		+	Enabling modsecurity in cpanel will replace modsecurity with an older, and incompatible version and is not supported.  This will likely also break your modsecurity configuration, as CPanel does not include all of the patches and enhancements in modsecurity that ASL comes with.

---

Latest revision as of 12:22, 27 June 2024

Contents 1 Introduction 1.1 Before You Start 1.2 Prerequisites 2 Installation and Downloads 2.1 Command Line installation 2.1.1 Step 1: Read the Notes 2.1.2 Step 2: Run the Automated ASL installer 2.1.3 Step 3: (Optional) If you have installed the ASL kernel 2.1.3.1 VPS based systems 2.1.3.2 Cloud Linux 2.1.4 Before you reboot 2.1.4.1 Check to make sure you can log in 2.1.4.2 Cloud Linux 2.2 Control panel installation 2.2.1 Plesk 2.2.2 Step 1: Read the Notes 2.2.3 Step 2: Install ASL from Plesk 2.3 Step 4: Post-Installation Quickstart/Configuration 2.3.1 Log into the GUI 2.3.2 Log into the support portal 2.3.3 ASL FAQ 2.4 Command Line 3 Upgrading ASL 4 Troubleshooting 5 Important Notes 5.1 Kernel 5.2 Cpanel

[edit] Introduction

ASL is designed to integrate with your existing operating system. Customized environments that deviate from OS vendor designed standards, and packaging should consult with our services group for a custom solution.

[edit] Before You Start

Please note: If you purchased a Rules Only subscription, please go to, and follow the instructions here: https://www.atomicorp.com/wiki/index.php/Atomic_ModSecurity_Rules#Optional_Manual_Installation . These are instructions to install ASL.

If you purchased Atomic Secured Linux, then continue to the steps below.

[edit] Prerequisites

Please ensure that your system meets all prerequisites before installing ASL. The ASL prerequisites page includeds important information outlining the systems requirements for ASL to install and function correctly, as well as recommendations for it to perform optimally.

[edit] Installation and Downloads

[edit] Command Line installation

[edit] Step 1: Read the Notes

Confirm that your system meets the ASL requirements, which are documented on the ASL prerequisites page.

Note: ASL will harden your system, so when building a new system or installing other software, we recommend you install ASL last so that it can harden your system with all software installed.

[edit] Step 2: Run the Automated ASL installer

Pre Step 1)

If the system does not have mysql or mariadb installed, run these commands as root:

RHEL/Centos 6:

yum install mysql-server

service mysqld start

systemctl enable mysqld

RHEL/Centos 7:

yum install mariadb-server

service mariadb start

systemctl enable mariadb

Step A)

Become root on your system. To become root run this command:

su -

then enter your root password.

Step B)

Cut and paste the command below, and run this command as root:

wget -q -O - https://updates.atomicorp.com/installers/asl |sh

Follow the instructions in the installer being sure to answer the configuration questions appropriately for your system.

Note: You must have a version of wget installed that supports HTTPS to install ASL, as described on the ASL prerequisites page.

If you do not get any output from the installation command it is likely wget on your system was replaced with a crippled version that does not support SSL. Please see this article to test if your wget supports SSL if you are unsure:

https://www.atomicorp.com/wiki/index.php/ASL_prerequisites#wget

See the unattended installs article for advanced instructions for unattended installations.

[edit] Step 3: (Optional) If you have installed the ASL kernel

Once the installation is complete, if you want to use the secure ASL kernel you will need to reboot your system to boot into the new hardened kernel that comes with ASL. You do not have to use this kernel to enjoy the other features of ASL, but we recommend you use the hardened kernel as it includes many additional security features that are not found in non-ASL kernels.

Note: The secure ASL kernel is not required to run ASL, but it will make your system more secure and protect your system from attacks that your regular kernel can not.

[edit] VPS based systems

If you are using a VPS based virtualization technology, like openvz or Virtuzzo, you can not install any kernel in a VPS. VPS' do not have a kernel, they share the host systems kernel. Therefore, you will not be able to install any kernel in a VPS, including the ASL secure kernel, and do not need to reboot.

[edit] Cloud Linux

Cloudlinux requires that you use their default kernel with their product. Therefore, you should not use the secure ASL kernel with Cloud Linux. Please see the link below to ensure you have your system configured to use the appropriate Cloud Linux kernel with their product.

https://www.atomicorp.com/wiki/index.php/Kernel#Setting_which_kernel_to_boot

Note: When using the Cloud Linux kernel ASL will report security vulnerabilities in the Cloud Linux kernel. These security vulnerabilities are real. The Cloud Linux kernel does not include the necessary security enhancements to protect you from these vulnerabilities. Please direct any questions regarding Cloud Linux vulnerabilities to Cloud Linux support.

[edit] Before you reboot

[edit] Check to make sure you can log in

Check to make sure you haven't locked yourself out of your system. If you told ASL to lock down SSH, make sure you can log into your system. Don't close out your current session, log in with a new session. This way you can confirm that you haven't installed bad ssh keys, or otherwise configured your server so you can't log in.

If you are rebooting into the secure ASL kernel, make sure you have an alternative means to log into your system should your system encounter an issue rebooting. For example, a diverse means such as serial port access, or a KVM system, and not SSH or other direct network based remote access. If a Linux system fails to reboot, network based protocols like SSH will not work.

[edit] Cloud Linux

Cloudlinux requires that you use their default kernel with their product. Therefore, you should not use the secure ASL kernel with Cloud Linux. Please see the link below to ensure you have your system configured to use the appropriate Cloud Linux kernel with their product.

https://www.atomicorp.com/wiki/index.php/Kernel#Setting_which_kernel_to_boot

Note: When using the Cloud Linux kernel ASL will report security vulnerabilities in the Cloud Linux kernel. These security vulnerabilities are real. The Cloud Linux kernel does not include the necessary security enhancements to protect you from these vulnerabilities. Please direct any questions regarding Cloud Linux vulnerabilities to Cloud Linux support.

[edit] Control panel installation

[edit] Plesk

[edit] Step 1: Read the Notes

Confirm that your system meets the ASL requirements, which are documented on the ASL prerequisites page.

Note: ASL will harden your system, so when building a new system or installing other software, we recommend you install ASL last so that it can harden your system with all software installed.

[edit] Step 2: Install ASL from Plesk

To install Atomic Secured Linux using the Plesk extension:

Step 1: In the Extensions Catalog, select the 'Security' category and click on 'Atomic Secured Linux'

Step 2: Click the 'Install' button to install the extension

Step 3: After the extension is installed, click the 'Go To Extension' link

Step 4: Click the 'Install' button to install Atomic Secured Linux

[edit] Step 4: Post-Installation Quickstart/Configuration

[edit] Log into the GUI

https://YOUR_SERVERS_IP:30000

You can view alerts, block attackers, configure ASL and use its many features from the GUI.

The username and password are the same credentials you created when you purchased your license. You can change the ASL control panel credentials by following the process here, and you can add additional users by following this process.

[edit] Log into the support portal

Finally, we highly recommend you click on the "Support" tab in the ASL GUI, or go to this URL to log into your support account:

https://www.atomicorp.com/support/support-portal.html

The support system uses the same username and password used to install ASL (your ASL username and password). Please make sure you can log into the support portal to make use of the support portals features such as case management, bug tracking and the knowledge base.

[edit] ASL FAQ

And also, please read thru the ASL FAQ. It covers just about everything anyone has every asked us about, regarding ASL. Seriously, its got answers to nearly anything you might want to know about ASL, and we really have documented the answer to nearly every question anyone has every asked us about ASL.

[edit] Command Line

If you're a command line person you can also run or re-run many of ASL's features from the command line. Here are a few highlights:

1) Configure/Re-Configure ASL

 asl -c

2) Scan the system for vulnerabilities, malware and other security issues.

 asl -s

3) Scan the system for vulnerabilities, malware and other security issues and have ASL fix the system.

 asl -s -f

You can also find out about all the command line options in asl by running this command:

 asl -h

[edit] Upgrading ASL

Please see the Upgrading ASL page for details.

[edit] Troubleshooting

Please see the ASL Troubleshooting article.

We also recommend you read the ASL FAQ.

[edit] Important Notes

[edit] Kernel

See the Kernel page for additional information on the ASL kernel.

[edit] Cpanel

Do not enable modsecurity in cpanel, and do not use cpanel to upgrade or install modsecurity. CPanel does not use the latest version of modsecurity, and ASL is only tested and supported with the latest version supplied by ASL. ASL will automatically upgrade modsecurity if necessary.

Enabling modsecurity in cpanel will replace modsecurity with an older, and incompatible version and is not supported. This will likely also break your modsecurity configuration, as CPanel does not include all of the patches and enhancements in modsecurity that ASL comes with.