Difference between revisions of "ASL WAF"
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Enable/Disable Real-time Black List (RBL) rule class. Currently this uses the [http://www.spamhaus.org/xbl/ Spamhaus XBL.] | Enable/Disable Real-time Black List (RBL) rule class. Currently this uses the [http://www.spamhaus.org/xbl/ Spamhaus XBL.] | ||
Revision as of 14:43, 14 May 2013
Introduction
The ASL WAF has two non-exclusive modes operation:
1) Embedded mode
2) Transparent/Proxy mode (T-WAF)
Embedded mode
Embedded mode works with Apache 2.x. ASL will install a special module in Apache to give it native WAF protection capabilities. This installation will occur when ASL is installed.
Proxy mode (T-WAF)
Proxy mode or the Transparent WAF (T-WAF) system allows ASL to protect any HTTP and/or HTTPS service, either a local server (such as when using a web server that does not support embedded mode) or a remove server.
Configuration
The ASL WAF is initially configured during the install of ASL. If Apache is installed on the system, ASL will attempt to install the embedded WAF module. If Apache is installed on the system via package management, then this will occur automatically and you will not need to configure the WAF further to protect an installed Apache instance.
Once ASL is installed, if you need to do so, you can configure the WAF through three parts of the ASL GUI:
WAF Tab
This tab is used to setup the WAF. There are three types of WAF you can configure:
embedded
The embedded WAF is an apache module that is installed on any local Apache installations. This should be setup by default, if you are running apache on the system.
local
This type of WAF is used to protect any local HTTP and/or HTTPS services that may be running on the system itself, where the embedded WAF module can not be used. For example, if the system was running a tomcat or litespeed, which do not support the embedded WAF module, or a control panel that uses it own web server (such as Plesk, Cpanel, Webmin, and others). You can configure a WAF to protect these services.
To setup a local WAF simply follow these steps:
Step 1) Log into the ASL GUI
Step 2) Click the WAF tab
Step 3) Select WAF Config
This will pull up the WAF Config window, which will show the existing WAFs.
Step 4) Click "Enable T-WAF". If you see "Disable T-WAF" this option has already been enabled.
Step 5) Click "Add"
This will will pull up the "Add WAF Config" window.
Step 6) Click on the "Add protection for" drop down. Select "local"
This will present you with two options:
Local Port: Type in the local port you wish to protect.
Note: Check if you have any embedded WAFs installed on the system before you do this. If you have an embedded WAF already installed on port 80, as should occur if you have Apache installed (and its package managed), then enabling the T-WAF in front of Apache would create a loop. Its not necessary to put a WAF in front of a service that is protected via embedded mode.
SSL: Select this if the service you wish to protect is SSL based.
If you select SSL, then you will see this additional options:
Path to SSL Certificate: Provide the filesystem path to the SSL certificate for this service.
Path to SSL Key file: Provide the filesystem path to the SSL key file for this service.
Step 7) Then click Save
remote
This type of WAF is used to protect any remote HTTP and/or HTTPS services that are not running on the system itself. For example, if you have a remote webserver you wish to protect, you can configure a WAF to protect these services. The remote WAF can support two proxy modes: domain based and IP based.
name based remote
Domain based or name nased WAFs allow you to use a single IP address on the WAF, and to direct WAF requests to different backend servers depending on their domain or full qualified domain name, or even to specific URL.
IP based remote
IP based WAFs allow you to redirect all traffic to an IP address on WAF to a specific destination host or URL.
Setting up a remote WAF
To setup a remote WAF simply follow these steps:
Step 1) Log into the ASL GUI
Step 2) Click the WAF tab
Step 3) Select WAF Config
This will pull up the WAF Config window, which will show the existing WAFs.
Step 4) Click "Enable T-WAF". If you see "Disable T-WAF" this option has already been enabled.
Step 5) Click "Add"
This will will pull up the "Add WAF Config" window.
Step 6) Click on the "Add protection for" drop down. Select "remote"
This will present you with a dropdown options to setup the WAF as either domain based or IP based.
Step 7) If you select name based you will be presented with these options:
Domain Name: Enter the domain name or full qualified domain you wish to use. For example, if you want the WAF to handle traffic for intranet.example.com enter that FQDN in this box.
Local Url: Enter the local URL, if any, that the WAF should expect from the client to direct this connection to the remote host. The default of / is usually correct if you are forwarding all traffic for an FQDN or domain. If you only want the WAF to pass on specific requests for specific URLs, enter them here.
Destination: Enter the full URL you want the WAF to use as the destination server. Make sure you have DNS or /etc/hosts entries for this, otherwise the WAF will not be able to find the destination. This should also not be the same thing as "Domain Name:". You can also use https:// URLs here.
Remote Port: Type in the remote port for the backend server the WAF will be sending requests to.
SSL: Select SSL if you wish to accept SSL connections to the WAF. If you select this you will be presented with these additional options:
Path to SSL Certificate: Provide the filesystem path to the SSL certificate for this service.
Path to SSL Key file: Provide the filesystem path to the SSL key file for this service.
Skip to step 8
Step 7) If you select IP based you will be presented with these options
IP Address: Enter the IP address you want the WAF to listen on (you can set multiple IPs by adding additional remote WAFs). For example, if you want the WAF to redirect all traffic on IP address 1.2.3.4 to internal.example.com, type in 1.2.3.4.
Local Url: Enter the local URL, if any, that the WAF should expect from the client to direct this connection to the remote host. The default of / is usually correct if you are forwarding all traffic for an FQDN or domain. If you only want the WAF to pass on specific requests for specific URLs, enter them here.
Destination: Enter the full URL you want the WAF to use as the destination server. Make sure you have DNS or /etc/hosts entries for this, otherwise the WAF will not be able to find the destination. This should also not be the same thing as "Domain Name:". You can also use https:// here.
Remote Port: Type in the remote port for the backend server the WAF will be sending requests to.
SSL: Select SSL if you wish to accept SSL connections to the WAF. If you select this you will be presented with these additional options:
Path to SSL Certificate: Provide the filesystem path to the SSL certificate for this service.
Path to SSL Key file: Provide the filesystem path to the SSL key file for this service.
Step 8) Then click Save
SSL/TLS
If you select SSL for either the local or remote WAF options, your SSL certificates and keys must be in an Apache compatible format to be imported by the T-WAF.
ASL Configuration Settings
The WAFs settings are contained under the Configuration tab. To Configure the WAF follow this process:
Step 1) Log into the ASL GUI
Step 2) Click on the Configuration Tab
Step 3) Select the "ASL Configuration" sub menu
Step 4) Scroll down to the Mod_security configuration section. The following options are available:
MODSEC_ENABLED
This setting Enables/Disables the entire WAF system. This is the only supported method for disabling the WAF in ASL. Uninstalling mod_security and the use of third party methods to remove modsecurity will not work if this setting is still configured to enable the WAF. This setting is specifically designed to ensure that the WAF is not disabled accidentally by a third party product.
WAF_ENGINE
Set the WAF engine mode, there are three modes:
On - this tells the WAF to detect and block attacks.
DetectionOnly - this tells the WAF to only detect and report attacks, but not to block them.
Off - Disables the WAF.
WAF_ENABLED
Enable/Disable Tortix WAF proxy. The tortix waf module, this module can process local or remote services through the Tortix Web Application Firewall (T-WAF) . (Default: Off)
WAF_CHROOTDIR
Configures the directory path that will be used to jail the web server process. (For the embedded WAF modules only). This lets you put the local apache instance into a chroot jail.
WAF_READSTATELIMIT
Sets the limit of the number of connections from the same IP address that can be in the Read state for the WAF. This helps to prevent "slow" DOS attacks. For example, if this was set to "5" a single IP would only be able to keep 5 connections in a busy state with the web server at a single time.
WAF_SECREQUESTBODYNOFILESLIMIT
(Default: 1048576) Configures the maximum request body size the WAF modules will accept for buffering. There is a hard limit of 1GB. This is not a limit on file sizes sent through the WAF, just request body sizes.
WAF_SECREQUESTBODYINMEMORYLIMIT
(Default: 131072) Configures the maximum request body size the WAF modules will store in memory. There is a hard limit of 1GB. The default of 128 MB is generally sufficient for any site.
WAF_DEFAULT_ACTION
Configures the block policy, deny the request or redirect the client to a landing page.
WAF_REDIRECT_URL
Used for WAF_DEFAULT_ACTION of "redirect". This is the URL to redirect blocked pages. This must include http:// or https:// in the URL.
Example:
https://%{server_name}:30000/blocked.php?eventid=%{eventid}
You can use variables in the URL. They must be represented in this format:
%{variable_name}
Supported Variables
Currently supported variables are listed below. As new variables are supported, we will add them to the documentation here.
server_name
This is the value the client sent in the Host: header, which would be the FQDN the client accessed.
eventid
The unique eventid from the WAF.
remote_addr
The client IP address.
ruleid
The WAF ruleid.
server_port
This variable contains the local port of the webserver that the request was received on.
Experimental Variables
These are additional variables that should be considered experimental, and are available in the engine, but are not currently supported. They require newer versions of modsecurity, which may not be available in the stable channel.
auth_type
This variable holds the authentication method used to validate a user, if any of the methods built into HTTP are used. In a reverse-proxy deployment, this information will not be available if the authentication is handled in the backend web server.
remote_user
This variable holds the username of the authenticated user. If there are no password access controls in place (Basic or Digest authentication), then this variable will be empty.
time
This variable holds a formatted string representing the time (hour:minute:second).
time_day
This variable holds the current date (1–31).
time_epoch
This variable holds the time in seconds since 1970.
time_hour
This variable holds the current hour value (0–23).
time_min
This variable holds the current minute value (0–59).
time_mon
This variable holds the current month value (0–11).
time_sec
This variable holds the current second value (0–59).
time_wday
This variable holds the current weekday value (0–6).
time_year
This variable holds the current four-digit year value.
response_status
This variable holds the HTTP response status code.
request_protocol
This variable holds the request method used in the transaction.
useragent_ip
This variable is created when running modsecurity with apache 2.4 and will contain the client ip address set by mod_remoteip in proxied connections. Requires mod_remoteip to be installed, and Apache 2.4.
MODSEC_SERVERSIG
Field returned when a remote host queries what kind of web server this is. This can be used to hide what kind of server is running on the system, or what the WAFs are protecting.
MODSEC_UPLOADDIR
Configures the directory where intercepted files will be stored. If the WAF is configured to scan uploads, and this is set to On, then any malicious files the WAF detects will be stored in this directory on the server.
MODSEC_KEEPFILES
Configures whether or not the intercepted files will be kept after transaction is processed. It is recommended you set to this off.
MODSEC_LOGTYPE
Configures the type of audit logging mechanism to be used. Concurrent - audit log entries will be stored in separate files, one for each transaction. Serial - all audit log entries will be stored in the main audit logging file. The default is Concurrent, which is both faster and more reliable and works with ASL Gui. Serial logging is for legacy purposes and should not be enabled.
MODSEC_LOGFILE
The name of the log file that is used to store audit record headers. Do not change this unless you know what you are doing. It is generally not necessary to change this setting.
MODSEC_LOGELEMENT
Defines which part of each transaction are going to be recorded in audit log. Do not change the defaults unless you know what you are doing, this may break the GUI and active response systems.
Available audit log parts:
A: Audit log header (mandatory).
B: Request headers.
C: Request body (present only if the request body exists and ModSecurity is configured to intercept it).
D: Reserved for intermediary response headers; not implemented yet.
E: Intermediary response body (present only if ModSecurity is configured to intercept response bodies, and if the audit log engine is configured to record it). Intermediary response body is the same as the actual response body unless ModSecurity intercepts the intermediary response body, in which case the actual response body will contain the error message (either the Apache default error message, or the ErrorDocument page).
F: Final response headers (excluding the Date and Server headers, which are always added by Apache in the late stage of content delivery).
G: Reserved for the actual response body; not implemented yet.
H: Audit log trailer.
I: This part is a replacement for part C. It will log the same data as C in all cases except when multipart/form-data encoding in used. In this case, it will log a fake application/x-www-form-urlencoded body that contains the information about parameters but not about the files. This is handy if you don’t want to have (often large) files stored in your audit logs.
J: This part contains information about the files uploaded using multipart/form-data encoding.
K: This part contains a full list of every rule that matched (one per line) in the order they were matched. The rules are fully qualified and will thus show inherited actions and default operators.
Z: Final boundary, signifies the end of the entry (mandatory).
MODSEC_REQMEMLIMIT
Configures the maximum request body size ModSecurity will store in memory. The default are adequate for most sites, you should not change this unless you know what you are doing.
MODSEC_DEBUGLOG
Enable/Disable the ModSecurity debug log file. The debug log is located in /var/log/httpd/modsec_debug.log Enabling this will incur a substantial performance penalty on the system. You should not enable this on a production system, and only if you are debugging modsecurity rules.
Most users will want to leave this disabled.
MODSEC_CLEAN_ALERT
Number of days to retain mod_security alert data. The WAF will store the actual full requests of any intercepted attacks, to make it possible for you to investigate them and to report these to us, either for further investigation, false positives or for other forensics needs. The default is to keep these for 30 days.
MODSEC_DATADIR
Path where persistent data (e.g. IP address data, session data, etc) is to be stored.
MODSEC_AUDITDIR
Defines the path to the audit log files. Used only when Concurrent mode is configured.
MODSEC_TMPDIR
Configures the directory where temporary files will be created.
Note: If this is changed form the default of /tmp, the directory must be writable by apache, which means depending on how you have configured apache by whatever users the web application may be running as. For example, if you use suphp, then the web application will run as a specific user. The directory must be writable by that user. In that case, you will need to either create a group that all your users belong to and make sure that group can write to that directory, or you will need to make that directory world writable. We also recommend you set the sticky bit on the directory. The simplest solution is to set the directories permissions thusly:
For example, if you change this directory to /var/asl/mod_sec_tmp, these permissions should work generically in all cases:
chmod ogu+rwx /var/asl/mod_sec_tmp
chmod o+t /var/asl/mod_sec_tmp
MODSEC_RESPONSEBODYLIMIT
Configures the maximum response body size that will be accepted for buffering.
MODSEC_RESPONSEBODYLIMITACTION
Controls what happens once a response body limit, configured with SecResponseBodyLimit, is encountered. There are two options:
ProcessPartial: Scan the response up to the limit and stop scanning when the limit is reached, but send the rest of the response.
Reject: If the response is greater than the Limit, reject the response entirely.
MODSEC_REQUESTBODYLIMIT
This sets the maximum size for a request body in bytes. The default is 134217728 bytes.
Anything over the limit will be rejected with status code 413 (Request Entity Too Large). There is a hard limit of 1 GB.
Ruleset Settings
These allow you to enable/disable entire Rulesets and classes of rules. If you want to configure a specific rule, use the Rule Manager.
Crawler Protector
This unique feature of ASL protects not only your system, but also your search engine rankings. Unlike other security products, ASL can automatically and securely detect real search engine crawlers and prevent your system from accidentally blocking them. It can also detect when attackers are trying to pretend to be search engines, in hopes of getting around your security systems, and can safely block them, without blocking the real crawlers!
MODSEC_00_SEARCHENGINE
This ruleset will detect search engine crawlers, as well as attackers pretending to be search engine crawlers. It can securely determine if a bot is legitimate, or a forgery.
Default: disabled
Warning: You should only use this ruleset if the ASL server has a really fast DNS server installed on the ASL server.
These rules require a locally installed DNS server for maximum performance. It is not recommended you enable these rules without a fast DNS server installed on this server. (If you do not know if you have a DNS server installed on this server, do not enable these rules). Apache must also be configured with "HostnameLookups Double". ASL will attempt to configure HostnameLookups Double, but on non-standard systems, such as source build Apache installs and third party Apache installations this may not occur automatically. If you find that Apache is not resolving IP addresses, check to make sure HostnameLookups Double is configured for Apache.
Requires ASL 3.0.35 and up.
MODSEC_00_AUTOWHITELIST_SEARCHENGINE
This ruleset will automatically, and securely, whitelist search engine crawlers to prevent them from being blocked accidentally. This will protect your page rank with search engine crawlers.
NOTE: This ruleset requires the MODSEC_00_SEARCENGINE setting to be enabled for this to work.
Default: disabled
Requires ASL 3.0.35 and up.
Warning: You should only use this ruleset if the ASL server has a really fast DNS server installed on the ASL server.
MODSEC_00_WHITELIST
Enable/Disable whitelist rule class. Note enabling this will bypass *ALL* security checks for hosts on the whitelist.
Default: off
Enabling this tells the WAF to totally ignore everything from the source, which includes not generating any alerts on this source. We dont recommend you you use this unless you know you can trust every host on your whitelist. Most users will not need to enable this.
MODSEC_00_ANTIEVASION
Enable/Disable the antievasion rule class. This ruleset prevents attacks that try to bypass the WAF itself.
MODSEC_00_STRICT
Enable/Disable the strict multiform checks rule class. This ruleset enforces strict adherence RFCs for multiform messages. This prevents advanced attacks that may try to bypass the WAF. Note: Broken applications and clients that do not adhere to RFCs will not be able to send multiform to the system if you enable this. This not a false positive, these clients and applications are broken. If you are unfortunately stuck with these, you will have to disable this.
MODSEC_00_RBL
RBL Ruleset
Enable/Disable Real-time Black List (RBL) rule class. Currently this uses the Spamhaus XBL.
Warning: You should only use this ruleset if the ASL server has a really fast DNS server installed on the ASL server.
This ruleset will look up every request in the DNS to see if its on a blacklist, and will not finish serving the request until the DNS server responds. This can slow down requests if the DNS server is slow. Basically, web requests will move at the speed of the DNS servers replies.
If your web server is responding slowly to requests, and you have this ruleset enabled your DNS server is too slow to meet your lookup needs. You will need to either disable this ruleset, or tune your DNS server to respond to queries more quickly.
MODSEC_00_AE_RULES
Enable/Disable the antievasion rule class. This ruleset prevents attacks that try to bypass the WAF itself.
MODSEC_01_RULES
Enable/Disable the Bypass protection rule class. This ruleset prevents attacks that try to bypass the WAF itself or can be used to trick applications into parsing data in ways that may compromise the application.
MODSEC_03_DOS
Enable/Disable the "slow DOS" protection rule class. This ruleset prevents the so-called "slowaris" Denial of Service attacks.
MODSEC_10_ANTIMALWARE
Enable/Disable the anti-malware rule class. This will look at any requests to the system for known malware domains and indicators of malware injection requests (this does not do the same thing as the MODSEC_99_SCANNER class, which will inspect uploads for malware).
MODSEC_10_RULES
Enable/Disable the core rule class. This class contains the core generic rules, which will look for things like SQLi, XSS, CSRF, recursion, code injection, command injection, XML attacks and other generic attack patterns. You should always leave this class enabled.
MODSEC_11_ADV_RULES
Enable/Disable the advanced protection rule class. This class contains advanced rules.
MODSEC_11_DLP
Enable/Disable the data loss protection rule class. This will detect certain Data Loss events, such as credit card information being sent or errors messages from applications that may reveal sensitive information or that the system or application is vulnerable to particular attack.
MODSEC_12_BRUTE
Enable/Disable the web brute force attack protection rule class. Detects attempts to brute force web applications authentication mechanisms.
Note: This works by analysing the output of the web application, and does not rely on log analysis or htaccess files. Therefore, do not use application internal compression schemes on output. For example, do not enable GZIP compression in applications such as Joomla, PHPBB, Wordpress and others, as this will make it difficult for the WAF to see the output. You can still compress the output if you use an apache module such as mod_deflate, which accomplishes the same thing and is less CPU intensive that application internal compression.
Discussion:
For the WAF to be able to analyze out from web applications, the WAF must be able to understand the output from the web application. Applications that compress output send this compressed output to Apache, which creates a situation where the WAF will only see compressed content. In this case, the WAF will not be able to understand it because the WAF will not decompress it.
Whereas it is possible for the WAF to decompress this content, and then recompress it, this is extremely wasteful for the CPU and will unnecessarily slow the system down. Essentially the web server would be compressing the content, decompressing it, and then compressing it again. Add in two unnecessary steps, and tripling the work load. The most efficient solution is to not compress output in the application, let the WAF inspect it, and then let apache compress it.
Inline decompression with the WAF is no longer supported and has been removed from the WAF code as this leads to poor performance due to misconfiguration of the system.
MODSEC_20_USERAGENTS
Enable/Disable the useragents rule class. Detects known malicious or suspicious user agents.
MODSEC_30_ANTISPAM
Enable/Disable the anti-spam rule class. This class contains tuned antispam rules, designed to work with all known blogs, forums, guestbooks, CMS' and other web content management systems that allow users to post content.
MODSEC_31_ANTISPAM_URI
Enable/Disable the anti-spam URI rule class. Looks up all URIs in a post against RBLs to see if its a known spam domain. As with the MODSEC_00_RBL rules, these should only be used if the server has a local fast DNS server.
Warning: You should only use this ruleset if the ASL server has a really fast DNS server installed on the ASL server.
This ruleset will look up every request in the DNS to see if its on a blacklist, and will not finish serving the request until the DNS server responds. This can slow down requests if the DNS server is slow. Basically, web requests will move at the speed of the DNS servers replies.
If your web server is responding slowly to requests, and you have this ruleset enabled your DNS server is too slow to meet your lookup needs. You will need to either disable this ruleset, or tune your DNS server to respond to queries more quickly.
MODSEC_50_ROOTKITS
Enable/Disable the rootkit rule class. This class detects and blocks known rootkits, PHP/ASP/PERL shells, spam tools and other malicious web applications from running on the system. (These rules exist for cases where malicious software may already be installed on the system, this is a defense in depth rule set)
MODSEC_60_RECONS
Enable/Disable the recon rule class. This class blocks known "google hacks" or webserver probes that look for vulnerable applications and signs of compromised systems running unauthorized shells, or unprotected applications that allow uploads which would give an attacker access to the system.
MODSEC_61_DLP
Enable/Disable the data loss protection class. These rules detect Data Loss Search engine "hacks". These are search engine probes for sensitive files, often used by malicious parties to find sensitive information accidentally exposed on web servers.
MODSEC_99_JITP
Enable/Disable the Just In Time Patches(JITP) rule class. Just in Time Patches. We publish JITPs daily if there is a new web application vulnerability that the 10_asl_rules.conf do not protect the system against. These are tuned rules for specific vulnerabilities in a web application.
MODSEC_99_REDACTOR
Enable/Disable the automatic malicious/hidden iframe and malware removal rule class. Automatically removes malicious code from web pages, such as hidden iframes, encoded javascript and other malicious code.
MODSEC_99_MALWARE_OUTPUT
Enable/Disable the malware output rule class.
MODSEC_99_SCANNER
Enable/Disable PHP check enforcement mode. Note setting this to no will still test for vulnerabilitites.
Rule Manager
The Rule manager can be used to configure individual WAF rules, such as what response the system such take for that rule, if an email or GUI alert should be presented, and so on. To access the rule manager please follow this process:
Step 1) Log into the ASL GUI
Step 2) Click the "Configuration" tab.
Step 3) Select "Rule Management"
This will bring up the rule management screen. There are two tabs on this screen:
Global: This sets global features for all the rules
Rules: This presents all the individual rules, and options to configure that rule specifically.
Global Options
If you change a setting on this screen, you must click the "Update" button for the setting changes to take effect.
The follow settings are available in the Global setting screen:
Email to
This sets the email address to send alerts to. The default is $EMAIL which inherits the global email address set in the ASL Configuration screen. If you want to use the same email address you set when you configured when you install ASL leave this setting as "$EMAIL". Otherwise, change this to the email address you want rule alerts sent to.
Email From
Set this to the From: line you want to use for the emailed alerts. Available variables are $HOSTNAME is is populated by the servers fully qualified hostname, and $EMAIL which is set in the ASL Configuration screen. The default is usually effective for most users.
Max Emails per hour
This sets a limit on the maximum number of emails the system will sent to the Email to: address. This basically "queues up" alerts. If events occur after the Max Emails per hour limit has been reached, then those alerts will be held until the next hour and will be grouped together in a single email sent the next hour.
If you want alerts to be sent as they occur, and not to be queued up, set this to 9999.
Active Response
This sets whether of not ASL will block the source of the attack, by implementing a firewall rule for the source of the attack. (Which may be a temporary shun, or a permanent shun depending on the setting below "Shun Timeout")
Shun Timeout
This tells ASL if the firewall block, or "shun", should be temporary or permanent. Once the Shun Time (described below) has been reached the source IP address will be allowed to connect again. The ASL Configuration settings also allow for advanced options for this, such as multiplers that cause sources to be shunned for longer periods of time as more attacks are detected from the source.
Shun Time
Timeout period is in seconds. This sets the maximum amount of time a source address will be blocked by ASL/
If Shun Timeout is set to no, the "shun" is permanent and this option is ignored.
Rules
The Rules Manager has two tabs:
HIDS
This contains all the Rules for HIDS. For documentation on the HIDS please see the ASL HIDS documentation page.
WAF
This contains all the Rules for the WAF. There are two columns on this tab, the left column contains the current rule sub classes, and the screen on the right shows all rules that match your current filter selections. The window on the right is populated by selecting either a subclass of rules, or by typing in search criteria in the boxes at the top of the screen.
If you select a rule sub class, for example "adult-spam" that will pull up all the rules in the class on the right hand side of the screen.
Or you can search for specific rules by using the filter bar at the top of the screen. The filter options are:
Category: This is another way to select a rule subclass, this is optional, you do not have to select a rule class. If you leave this in either the default, or you set this to (any) your filter will apply to all the WAF rules.
Level: Rules have different levels, depending on severity. Some rules are only informational, some indicate suspicious activity and others are full blown attacks. A higher number is a high severity or importance, and a lower number is a lower severity or importance. This filter is optional, you do not need to select a level if you do not want to filter by level. If you leave the default your filter will apply to all levels.
Search: This allows you to search by any thing in the rule, its name, ID, etc. If you hit enter in this field it will start the search.
When you have finished with your filter criteria, just click the "filter button" or hit enter in the search field.
Configuring specific rules
Once you have the rule manager open, and have pulled up a rule you want to modify just click on the down arrow next to the rules ID to open the rules options.
Rule Options
For WAF rules the following options are available:
Disabled
Setting this "yes" globally disables the rule. If you want to disable a rule for a specific domain or FQDN see the Vhost option below.
Severity
This sets the severity level for the event. This allows you to set rules to be lower or higher priority which will effect:
1. How they are displayed in the GUI
2. Whether they are shunned or not (a minimum severity level can be set in ASL to control if an event is important enough to block the source IP address, please see the ASL Configuration documentation for these settings.
3. If an email alert is sent. A minimum severity level can be set in ASL to control if an event is important enough to send an email alert, please see the ASL Configuration documentation for these settings.
Active Response
This sets if the system should perform any active response actions against the source IP address. This option is ignored if Active Response is disabled in the Global options.
This sets if the event will generate an email alert. Keep in mind that the event must also be above the minimum level set in the ASL Configuration.
Logging
This sets if the event will be displayed, at all, in the ASL GUI. Setting this to off "silences" the event in the ASL GUI. It does not prevent the event from being logged to the systems logs.
Vhost settings
This subpanel allows you to set domain or FQDN specific settings for a rule. For example, if you want a rule to other behave per its defaults, but want to change its behavior for a specific domain you can set that domain here.
Currently this is limited to disabling the rule for the domain. In the future this will be expanded to allow other options for the rule as with the global settings.
Simply type in the domain name in the text box on the right, select "yes" and click add.
Rule Tuning
Please see the Mod_security page.
Events
WAF events are displayed in the ASL Events window. Please see the ASL Events page for usage information.
Configuring web servers to use the T-WAF
This section provides courtesy instructions about how to configure a remote web server to work with the T-WAF, so that the remote web server reports the correct client IP address and not the IP address for the T-WAF server.
This can also be used with local web services. For local apache servers, we do not recommend you use the T-WAF. Instead, make sure you are using the embedded mode explained at the beginning of this article. The WAF will integrate natively with Apache 2.x, and is highly recommended for that platform.
Apache
Note: If you are using embedded mode (which is the default) you do not need to do this. You will only need to do this if you are using the T-WAF to proxy traffic to a remote apache server. If you have a local apache server that ASL is installed on, install modsecurity locally.
For remote apache servers, to setup Apache to report the clients IP when using the T-WAF follow this process:
Step 1) Install mod_rpaf
http://stderr.net/apache/rpaf/
Step 2) Add this to your remote servers apache configuration
LoadModule rpaf_module path/to/mod_rpaf-2.0.so RPAFenable On RPAFsethostname On RPAFproxy_ips <IP FOR THE ASL SERVER> RPAFheader X-Forwarded-For
Change the IP in this line:
RPAFproxy_ips <IP FOR THE ASL SERVER>
To the IP for your ASL server. For example, if the ASL servers IP address is 1.2.3.4 this line will look like this:
RPAFproxy_ips 1.2.3.4
Step 3) Restart the remote apache server
Litespeed
To setup Litespeed to report the correct IP address of the client when using the T-WAF follow these instructions:
Step 1) Log into the LiteSpeed Web Admin Console
Step 2) Under Configuration, enable the option "Use Client IP in Header".
Step 3) Restart Litespeed
Nginx
Step 1) Edit your nginx.conf file and add the following to your http section:
http {
set_real_ip_from 127.0.0.1/32;
set_real_ip_from <YOUR SERVERS IP>/32;
set_real_ip_from <YOUR SERVERS OTHER IPS>/32;
real_ip_header CF-Connecting-IP;
Replace <YOUR SERVERS IP> with your servers IP(s). For example, if your server had the IPs 1.2.3.4, 1.2.3.5 and 1.2.3.6 your configuration would look like this:
set_real_ip_from 127.0.0.1/32; set_real_ip_from 1.2.3.4/32; set_real_ip_from 1.2.3.5/32; set_real_ip_from 1.2.3.6/32; real_ip_header CF-Connecting-IP;
Step 2) Restart nginx.
